Biography

Alexander Calder was born on July 22, 1898, in Lawnton, Pennsylvania. Coming from a family of artists, Calder's mother was a painter while his father and grandfather were both sculptors. He initially studied engineering at the Stevens Institute of Technology before turning to art.

Calder's artistic journey began with a career in illustration and design, leading him to Paris in the 1920s. Here, he became acquainted with many influential artists and was inspired to create his own art, firmly rooting him in the modern art movement.

Art Style

Calder is best known for his pioneering work in kinetic sculpture, where movement and balance are integral components of the artwork. He referred to his sculptures as “mobiles” (a term coined by Marcel Duchamp) to indicate their movement capabilities. Calder emphasized simplicity and elegance in his designs, which often incorporate bright colors and whimsical shapes.

His approach was radical for the time, challenging conventional notions of sculpture and focusing on dynamic forms that interacted with their surroundings and observers.

Mobiles

Calder’s mobiles are hanging sculptures that move in response to air currents or mechanical forces. They can range in scale from tiny, delicate pieces to large installations in public spaces. Notable examples include "Ballet" (1947) and "Untitled" (1956), which juxtapose colorful shapes that dance and sway through the air.

Inspired by the idea of constant motion, Calder saw his mobiles not just as static art objects but as living sculptures. Each piece invites viewers to experience art in a new way by incorporating changing perspectives and transformation through movement.

Stabiles

In contrast to his mobiles, Calder also created "stabiles," which are stationary sculptures. These works are often characterized by their bold geometries and vivid colors. "La Grande Vitesse" (1969) in Grand Rapids, Michigan, is a prominent example, showcasing Calder's ability to create monumental, site-specific works that engage with architectural settings.

Stabiles reflect Calder’s deep understanding of balance and form; they stand as structures that provide a contrasting experience to the lightness of his mobiles.

Legacy

Alexander Calder passed away on November 11, 1976, but his influence on the art world endures. He is credited for changing the perception of sculpture, emphasizing movement and the interactivity of art. His works can be found in major museums around the world, and numerous exhibitions have continued to celebrate his contributions to modern art.

Calder's innovative spirit and distinctive style have inspired countless artists and movements, solidifying his place in the canon of American art history. His exploration of balance, color, and motion continues to provoke thought about the possibilities of sculpture today.